The war in Ukraine has thrown a spotlight on the long-standing issue of Transnistria in neighbouring Moldova. With claims that Russia is considering a push on the breakaway territory, where it already has a contingent of troops, there are growing questions about the future of this de facto state. So, what is the Transnistrian dispute all about? And could we be about to see it resolved – peacefully or otherwise?
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The conflict in Ukraine has drawn attention to a number of seemingly frozen conflicts in the post-Soviet space. One of the most significant is the dispute over Transnistria, which broke away from Moldova in the last months of the Soviet Union. Originally created as the heart of the largely Slavic-inhabited Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, a part of Soviet Ukraine on the east bank of the Dniester River, it was designed to allow the USSR to maintain a claim to Bessarabia, a largely Romanian-speaking territory that had broken away from Russia and united with Romania at the end of the First World War. This opportunity came at the start of the Second World War, when Bessarabia and Trans-Dniester (now more generally known as Transnistria) were united, becoming the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic – one of the 15 top-level republics of the Soviet Union. However, despite an effort to change the demographics, the union became increasingly uneasy. This came to a head when, in 1991, Transnistria broke away, forming the internationally-unrecognised Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR). Since then, international efforts to reunite Transnistria with Moldova – the so-called 5+2 process – have been unsuccessful. But could this be about to change?
CHAPTERS
0:00 Introduction and Titles
0:33 The Ukraine War and Transnistria
1:29 Background to Moldova and Transnistria
2:23 History of the Transnistria Conflict
5:11 Moldova-Transnistria Peace Efforts
6:17 Could Russia Invade Transnistria?
7:38 Could Moldova Retake Transnistria by Force?
9:27 A Peaceful Settlement of the Transnistria Conflict?
10:18 An Independent Transnistria?
12:00 What Next for Transnistria?
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FURTHER READING & USEFUL SOURCES
Moldova Ministry of Foreign Affairs https://mfa.gov.md/en
Transnistrian Presidency YouTube https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZmjiUs7ZoYfWsfyRemPzVQ
5+2 Press Statements OSCE https://www.osce.org/mission-to-moldova/119488
Transnistria (Carnegie Europe) https://carnegieeurope.eu/2018/12/03/transdniestria-my-head-is-in-russia-my-legs-walk-to-europe-pub-77843
Moldova: A History https://amzn.to/3FliZOU
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KEYWORDS
#Transnistria #Moldova #Russia
#InternationalPolitics #CurrentAffairs #InternationalRelations
#Secession #Statehood #Independence
#InternationalLaw #InternationalHistory
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